Control of metal etching process

Control of metal etching process

The quality assurance of metal etching mainly comes from the control of the etching process, which is divided into chemical parameter control and physical parameter control.

1. Chemical parameter control

Chemical parameter control is very important to maintain the etching solution lasting and uniform etching speed. Chemical parameter control mainly includes the control of solution concentration and the proportional control of components in the solution.For the control of these two aspects, the concentration of the former is easy to control and the consumption of components in the solution can be determined by means of analysis.For the latter, it is more difficult to control, mainly because the content of added substances in the etching liquid is low, and it may be some organic materials that are difficult to analyze, or it may be difficult to separate from the main materials in the etching liquid.

Chemical control parameters based on the analysis of solution composition rather than experience, estimates that for small factory, of course, does not rule out the operator can observe the etching process in intensity, by etching the surface of the metal state and change in solution color adjusted again according to the experience, and meet the control to a certain extent.This method has certain practicability for the etching liquid with a single component, but for the workpiece with complex composition and high requirement for the metal etching depth uniformity, this method has great limitations and is difficult to ensure the need for mass production.In order to ensure the stability of product quality, the etching factory is required to take the analysis results as the basis for adjusting the etching solution.

The analysis period of chemical etching solution is mainly affected by the following factors:The initial concentration of the solution;(3) load per unit volume;(4) etching amount (generally in daily units).It is easy to understand the influencing factors of these aspects. In the case of small solution volume, low initial concentration of solution and large load per unit volume, the change rate of etching liquid composition is fast, and its analysis period is short, otherwise it is long.Generally speaking, if the etching solution volume is not large, in the case of mass production, each shift should be analyzed once (in this case, the shift is calculated as an 8h production cycle).

1. Physical parameter control

The control of physical parameters can be divided into general parameter control and other parameter control determined by etching mode.General parameter control is mainly used to control the time and temperature in the etching process.Other parameters determined by the etching method include the control of the agitation of the solution immersed in the etching and the control of the injection pressure for the spray etching.In the controllable range of chemical parameters, the control of physical parameters is very important to keep the etching speed constant and the etching uniformity.The control of physical parameters is much easier and more intuitive than that of chemical parameters.At the same time, some of the equipment for the temperature, time and injection pressure are self-controlled, just need to input these parameters in advance.

As with any metal etching, there must be two indicators that need to be controlled, namely depth and surface smoothness.Although the change of the physical and chemical factors will affect the etching depth and surface smoothness, but in certain cases, etching liquid composition and concentration of the depth of influence is mainly physical factors, on the premise of constant temperature, pressure, and ensure the etching depth index factor is the etching time, in the actual production is also on the depth of etching under effective control by the time.For the surface smoothness, although the change in temperature will have certain influence, but is mainly influenced by the etching liquid chemical components, material is added in the chemical groups on the surface smoothness of influence is greater than the effect of etching the main agent, at the same time adjustment is more difficult, but it can be determined by the experiment a unit area of consumption experience to control.

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